Today in a lab environment I unexpectedly received the dreaded The trust relationship between this workstation and the primary domain failed. In the past, I would simply de-join the server from the domain and re-join again. This time I decided to research for a better option and found one! After some searching, I stumbled onto an older blog post on Microsoft Technet that explained using the PowerShell command: Test-ComputerSecureChannel -Repair -Credential (get-credential)
The issue is, you have to be able to login to the server using a non-domain account, fortunately, I still had access to the local administrator account. After executing this command, reboot the server.